Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Present Status and Prospects
نویسنده
چکیده
Este articulo revisa el presente y el uso futuro de la extracci6n con fluidos supercriticos (SFE), principalmente dibxido de carbono (CO*) benign0 para el ambiente. La extracci6n con fluidos supercriticos se desarroll6 coma aplicaci6n analitica a mediados de 10s arios 80 coma respuesta al deseo de reducir el uso de disolventes organicos en el ambiente del laboratorio, y se est6 convirtiendo en un rnbtodo esttindar con respect0 a la preparacibn y antilisis de muestras conteniendo lipidos. Actualmente, la analitica de SFE es predominantemente aplicada en modo “off-line”, usando modos de extracci6n secuenciales y paralelos. Dependiendo de la configurack? de la instrumentacibn, se pueden Ilegar a preparar diariamente hasta 24 muestras en un solo aparato. La SFE tiene otras ventajas, coma el procesamiento de analitos sensibles Wmicamente y una rapida cinetica de extracci6n del analito en comparacibn con la extracci6n con disolventes liquidos. El capitulo describe no solamente ejemplos de la analitica de SFE en grasas y aceites, sino tambibn de solutes vol6tiles de varios tipos de muestras. Finalmente, la relevancia de la anaiitica SFE en el procesamiento con fluidos supercriticos ha sido documentada con ejemplos de nuestra investigacibn que utiliza un m&odo combinatorio para optimizar las condiciones del proceso.
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